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International Construction Contracts - A Handbook
von: William Godwin
Wiley-Blackwell, 2012
ISBN: 9781118498477 , 224 Seiten
Format: PDF, OL
Kopierschutz: DRM
Preis: 64,99 EUR
International Construction Contracts: A Handbook
5
Copyright
6
Contents
9
Preface
15
Foreword
17
Acknowledgements
19
About the Author
21
Part I
23
1 Contract
25
1.1 What is a contract?
25
1.2 Agreement
26
1.3 Do contracts need to be in writing?
27
1.4 Other elements of a contract
27
1.5 Capacity and authority
28
1.6 Importance of a written contract
30
1.6.1 Clarity and certainty
30
1.6.2 Procedures
31
1.6.3 Risk allocation
31
1.7 What should a properly written construction contract cover?
32
1.7.1 FIDIC contracts
33
1.7.2 Programme
34
1.7.3 Delays and extensions of time
34
1.7.4 Delay damages
35
1.8 Tailoring the contract
36
2 Risk
37
2.1 How risk may be allocated
37
2.2 The ‘traditional’ approach to risk
38
2.3 EPC/turnkey projects
40
2.4 BOT-type projects
40
2.4.1 Parties to a BOT-type project
40
2.4.2 Contracts involved in a BOT-type project
42
2.5 The FIDIC Silver Book
44
2.6 Particular risks: The unforeseen and design
46
2.6.1 Unforeseeable physical conditions
46
2.6.2 Design responsibility
46
3 Types of Construction Contract
49
3.1 Lump sum contracts
49
3.2 Prime cost or reimbursable contracts
50
3.3 Unit price contracts
50
3.4 Target contracts
51
3.5 Which contract?
51
Part II
53
4 The FIDIC Design-Build Contracts
55
4.1 Some key general provisions
56
4.1.1 Communications: Clause 1.3
56
4.1.2 The law and the language of the contract: Clause 1.4
57
4.1.3 The priority of documents: Clause 1.5
57
4.1.4 Compliance with laws: Clause 1.13
58
4.2 The Employer
59
4.2.1 The right of access to, and possession of, the site: Clause 2.1
59
4.2.2 Evidence of the Employer’s financial arrangements: Clause 2.4
59
4.2.3 Employer’s claims against the Contractor: Clause 2.5
60
4.3 Contract administration: Clause 3
61
4.3.1 The role of the Engineer
61
4.3.2 ‘Determinations’ in the Yellow and Silver Books
62
4.3.3 Employer’s Representative in the Silver Book
63
4.3.4 The giving of instructions
63
4.4 The Contractor
63
4.4.1 The Contractor’s general obligation: Clause 4.1
63
4.4.2 ‘The works’ which must fit the intended purpose: Clause 4.1
65
4.4.3 Securing performance: Clause 4.2
65
4.4.4 Contractor’s Representative: Clause 4.3
66
4.4.5 Subcontracting: Clauses 4.4 and 4.5
66
4.4.6 Setting out: Clause 4.7
66
4.4.7 Sufficiency of the Contract Price (Silver Book) or Accepted Contract Amount (Yellow Book): Clause 4.11
67
4.4.8 Unforeseeable difficulties/physical conditions: Clause 4.12
67
4.4.9 Progress reports: Clause 4.21
67
4.5 Design
68
4.5.1 The Contractor’s general design obligations (Yellow and Silver Books): Clause 5.1
68
4.5.2 Contractor’s documents: Clause 5.2
68
4.5.3 Contractor’s undertaking: Clause 5.3
69
4.6 Staff and labour: Clause 6
69
4.7 Plant, materials and workmanship
70
4.7.1 Executing the works: Clause 7.1
70
4.7.2 Samples: Clause 7.2
70
4.7.3 Inspections: Clause 7.3
70
4.7.4 Testing: Clause 7.4
71
4.7.5 Rejection and remedial work: Clauses 7.5 and 7.6
71
4.7.6 Ownership: Clause 7.7
72
4.8 Time: commencement, delays and suspension of the works
72
4.8.1 Commencement and time for completion of the works: Clauses 8.1 and 8.2
72
4.8.2 Programme: Clause 8.3
72
4.8.3 Delays and extensions of time: Clause 8.4
74
4.8.4 Suspension of the works: Clauses 8.8 to 8.10
74
4.8.5 Prolonged suspension: Clause 8.11
75
4.9 Tests on completion
75
4.9.1 Contractor’s obligations: Clause 9.1
75
4.9.2 Delayed tests: Clause 9.2
76
4.9.3 Re-testing: Clauses 9.3 and 9.4
76
4.10 Employer’s taking over
76
4.10.1 Taking over of the works: Clause 10.1
76
4.10.2 Taking over of part of the works: Clause 10.2
77
4.11 Defects liability
78
4.11.1 The Defects Notification Period: Clauses 11.1 to 11.3
78
4.11.2 Failure to remedy defects: Clause 11.4
78
4.11.3 Extending the DNP: Clause 11.3
79
4.11.4 Further tests: Clause 11.6
79
4.11.5 The Performance Certificate: Clause 11.9
79
4.11.6 Unfulfilled obligations: Clause 11.10
80
4.12 Tests after completion
80
4.13 Variations and adjustments to the contract price
80
4.13.1 Right to vary: Clause 13.1
80
4.13.2 Variation procedure and value engineering: Clauses 13.2 and 13.3
81
4.13.3 Changes in legislation: Clause 13.7
81
4.13.4 Cost fluctuations: Clause 13.8
82
4.14 Payment
82
4.14.1 Interim payments: Clause 14.3
82
4.14.2 Timing of interim payments: Clause 14.7
83
4.14.3 Advance payment: Clause 14.2
83
4.14.4 Retention money: Clauses 14.3 and 14.9
83
4.14.5 Delayed payment and the right to financing charges: Clause 14.8
84
4.14.6 Financial steps after Taking Over: Clauses 14.10 to 14.13
85
4.14.7 Cessation of Employer’s liability: Clause 14.14
86
4.15 Termination by the Employer
86
4.15.1 Termination for Contractor default: Clause 15.2
87
4.15.2 Valuation for works executed at date of termination: Clause 15.3
88
4.15.3 Payments after termination: Clause 15.4
88
4.15.4 Termination for convenience: Clause 15.5
88
4.16 Suspension and termination by the Contractor
88
4.16.1 Suspension: Clause 16.1
88
4.16.2 Termination: Clause 16.2
89
4.16.3 Events after termination: Clause 16.3
89
4.16.4 Payment on termination: Clause 16.4
89
4.17 Risk and responsibility
90
4.17.1 Indemnities: Clause 17.1
90
4.17.2 Contractor’s care of the works: Clause 17.2
91
4.17.3 Specific Employer’s risks: Clauses 17.3 and 17.4
91
4.17.4 Limitation of liability: Clause 17.6
92
4.18 Insurance
93
4.19 Force majeure
93
4.19.1 Meaning of ‘force majeure’: Clause 19.1
93
4.19.2 Notice: Clause 19.2
94
4.19.3 Minimising delay and the consequences of force majeure: Clauses 19.3 and 19.4
94
4.19.4 Prolonged force majeure: Clause 19.6
95
4.19.5 Release from performance under the law: Clause 19.7
95
4.20 Contractor’s claims, disputes and arbitration
96
4.20.1 Contractor’s claims: Clause 20.1
96
Part III
99
5 Disputes and How to Resolve Them
101
5.1 Introduction
101
5.2 Legal aspects of a construction project
101
5.2.1 The terms of the construction contract
102
5.2.2 The law which governs the construction contract
102
5.2.3 The terms of the construction contract relating to the resolution of disputes between the parties
102
5.2.4 The law of the process for resolving a dispute
103
5.2.5 Rights and liabilities that might arise independently of any contract
103
5.2.6 The law which applies to a project by virtue of its location
104
5.3 Kinds of claim
104
5.3.1 Claims for which the contract specifically provides
104
5.3.2 Claims for which the contract does not specifically provide
105
5.4 Making a claim
106
5.4.1 Do I have a claim?
106
5.4.2 If I have a claim, when do I make it?
107
5.4.3 How do I make my claim?
107
5.4.4 Summary
108
5.5 Who decides whether to accept a claim?
108
5.6 The FIDIC Dispute Adjudication Board
109
5.6.1 Scope
110
5.6.2 Appointment of the DAB
110
5.6.3 Referring a dispute
111
5.6.4 Reaching a decision
111
5.6.5 Informal opinion?
111
5.6.6 Arbitration?
112
5.7 Methods of dispute resolution
112
5.7.1 Final methods of dispute resolution
112
5.7.2 Informal methods of dispute resolution
114
5.7.3 Arbitration or litigation?
115
5.8 Arbitration
116
5.8.1 The arbitration agreement
117
5.8.2 The place of arbitration
117
5.8.3 Arbitration institutions
117
5.8.4 Commencement of an arbitration
118
5.8.5 Conduct of the arbitration
118
5.8.6 The arbitration award and challenges to the award
119
5.8.7 Enforcement of arbitral awards
120
5.9 How are international arbitrations conducted?
121
5.9.1 The traditional arbitration centres
121
5.9.2 ICC arbitration
123
APPENDIX I Yugo Design Company v Sino Industries Corporation: An International Chamber of Commerce Arbitration
127
APPENDIX IIA Rules of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce
159
APPENDIX IIB Rules of Arbitration of the Singapore International Arbitration Centre
199
Index
219
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