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Coping with Chronic Illness and Disability - Theoretical, Empirical, and Clinical Aspects
Contents
6
Foreword
9
References
12
Preface
13
Stress Related to Chronic Illness and Disability
13
The Battle with Oneself
14
The Battle with Environmental Influences
15
Coping with CID
15
Contents of the Book
16
A Note about CID and Employment
16
References
16
Acknowledgments
17
About the Contributors
18
An Introduction to Coping Theory and Research
24
Definitions
26
Chronic Illness
26
Disability
27
Stress
28
The Nature of Coping Definitions
29
Coping: A Historical Overview
31
The Functions of Coping
34
The Structure of Coping
35
Coping Resources
37
Adaptive vs. Non-Adaptive Coping
37
The Temporality Aspects of Coping
38
The Measurement of Coping
39
Coping: Tentative Conclusions
41
Summary
41
References
42
Psychodynamic and Cognitive Theories of Coping
49
Haan’s Model of Coping, Defense, and Fragmentation The Ego Processes: Coping, Defense, and Fragmentation
49
The Haan vs. Freudian Model of Ego Functioning
50
The Tripartite Model
51
Evaluation of Haan’s Model
56
Lazarus and Folkman’s Theory of Coping
57
Coping, Emotion, and Appraisal
57
Coping Styles
58
Transaction and Variability
59
The Person-Environment Fit
60
Toward a Better Understanding of Cognition in Coping
61
Evaluation’s of Lazarus and Folkman’s Model
64
Conclusions
64
References
65
Hierarchical Coping: A Conceptual Framework for Understanding Coping Within the Context of Chronic Illness and Disability
69
Theoretical and Historical Background Macroanalytic Orientation
70
Microanalytic Orientation
75
Empirical Findings Macroanalytic Models
77
Microanalytic Models
80
Coping within the Context of Chronic Illness and Disability
83
Conclusion
85
References
86
The Social Context of Coping
92
Social Coping with Chronic Illness and Disability
93
Theoretical and Historical Background of the Social Context of Coping
95
General Social Models of Coping
96
Coping with CID in the Context of Work and Family
100
Employment Context of Coping with CID
100
Coping with CID in the Family Context
101
Conclusion
104
References
105
Reauthoring the Self: Chronic Sorrow and Posttraumatic Stress Following the Onset of CID
108
The Self-Narrative and its Disruption
109
Chronic Sorrow
111
Adaptation to CID as a Trauma Response
114
Suicide and Associated Problems
117
Case Illustration
118
Conclusion
122
References
122
Adaptive Tasks and Methods of Coping with Illness and Disability
126
Historical and Theoretical Background
126
Crisis Theory
126
A Biopsychosocial Perspective
127
Coping Resources and Processes
127
An Integrative Conceptual Framework
128
Personal Resources
128
Health-Related Factors
129
Social and Physical Context
130
Cognitive Appraisal and Adaptive Tasks Cognitive Appraisal
130
Adaptive Tasks
131
Coping Skills
133
Eight Categories of Coping Skills
134
Health-Related Outcomes
136
Approach vs. Avoidance
136
Coping as a Mediator
136
Task-Coping Match
137
Crisis Growth
139
Future Directions
139
Mental-Health Disorders and Coping with Medical Problems
139
The Context of Health-Care
140
Mutual Help Groups and Communal Coping
141
Conclusion
141
References
142
Coping with AIDS: The Challenges of an Evolving Disease
147
Introduction
147
Incidence and Prevalence of HIV/AIDS
148
Testing
149
Treatment
149
Coping with HIV Depression, Distress, and Coping with HIV
151
The Challenges of Conducting Research on Coping
152
Types of Coping in Individuals with HIV
153
Coping and Stress
154
Coping and Social Support
155
Physical and Psychosocial/Behavioral Interventions to Increase Coping Treating Depression
156
Interventions to Improve Coping in Individuals with HIV
156
Vocational and Social Implications
159
Conclusions
161
References
162
Coping with Arthritis: From Vulnerability to Resilience
170
Major Types of Arthritis
171
Biopsychosocial Approach to Arthritis
172
Research on Coping with Arthritis
173
Coping Measures
173
Predictors of Coping
174
Coping Styles and Outcomes
174
Coping Strategies and Outcomes
175
Research on Interventions for Coping
177
Implications of Coping and Interventions
180
Limitations and Future Directions
181
Summary and Conclusion
183
References
183
Coping with Burn Injury: Research Summary and a New Model of the Influence of Coping on Psychological Complications
189
Physical Complications Associated with Burn Injury
189
Psychological Aspects Associated with Burn Injury
191
Coping with Burns: Predicting and Controlling Psychological Distress Risk Factors and Moderators of Outcomes
192
Etiology and Maintenance of Psychological Distress
195
Psychological Interventions
196
A New Coping and Motivation Model of Distress Etiology
197
Motivation and Coping Model: Empirical Support
199
Summary
200
References
201
Coping with Cancer: Findings of Research and Intervention Studies
207
Medical Treatments for Cancer
207
Coping with Cancer
208
Associations between Coping and Psychological Outcomes across the Cancer Continuum
209
Psychological Interventions to Improve Coping with Cancer
216
Breast Cancer: Treatment Phase
216
Early Stage Breast Cancer: Survivorship
217
Gynecologic Cancer
218
Melanoma
218
Prostate Cancer
219
Mixed Tumor Sites
219
Empirical Issues and Challenges for the Field
221
Implications of Research
223
Summary
225
References
225
Coping with Diabetes: Psychological Determinants of Diabetes Outcomes
230
Introduction
230
Medical Aspects of Diabetes The Epidemiology and Burden of Diabetes
230
Diabetes Etiology and Prevention
231
Long-Term Complications of Diabetes
232
Treatment of Diabetes and Prevention of its Complications
233
Diabetes Self-Management
233
Short-Term Complications
234
Stress and Coping in Diabetes Sources of Diabetes- Related Stress
235
Stress and Glycemic Control
236
Coping with Diabetes Measurement Challenges
238
Additional Psychological Determinants of Diabetes Outcomes: Personality, Illness Appraisals, and Psychiatric Disorders
240
Interventions
244
Stress & Coping Interventions
244
Self-Efficacy Interventions
245
Interventions for Psychiatric Disorders
246
Summary and Implications
247
References
248
Coping with Epilepsy: Research and Interventions
255
Overview: Incidence, Prevalence, and Etiology
256
Incidence and Prevalence of Epilepsy
256
Etiology
257
Seizure Classification and Treatment Classification of Seizures and Syndromes
258
Treatment of Epilepsy
259
The Psychosocial Impact of Epilepsy
260
Epilepsy, Depression, and Anxiety
261
Epilepsy and Quality of Life
262
Coping with Epilepsy: Overview and Research
265
Interventions that Promote Effective Coping
266
Psychotherapeutic Approaches
267
Psychoeducational Programs and Interventions
269
Assistive and Rehabilitation Technology and Environmental Interventions that Promote Coping
272
Seizure-Response Dogs
273
Conclusion
274
References
274
Coping and Heart Disease: Implications for Prevention and Treatment
281
What Is Cardiovascular Disease?
281
The Incidence, Prevalence, and Impact of Cardiovascular Disease
282
Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
282
Treatments for Cardiovascular Disease
284
Coping with Heart Disease
285
Coping Strategies Used by Individuals with Cardiovascular Disease
285
Coping and the Development of CHD
286
Coping and Psychosocial Outcomes
287
Coping and Health-Related Outcomes
287
Gender and Cultural Differences in Coping
288
Interventions to Promote Coping Behavior
289
Cardiac Rehabilitation
289
Large-Scale Intervention Studies
291
Summary of Intervention Studies
293
Vocational and Social Implications of Treating Heart Disease
294
Conclusion
296
References
296
Coping with Multiple Sclerosis: Considerations and Interventions
302
Description
302
Etiology
302
Characteristics and Symptoms
303
Neuropsychological Features
303
Cognitive Dysfunction
303
Affective Disorders
304
Disease Course
304
Diagnosis
305
Medical Management
305
Treating the Underlying Disease
305
Symptomatic and Supportive Therapies
306
Coping with Multiple Sclerosis Psychosocial Impact
306
Coping Research about Multiple Sclerosis
307
Physical and Psychosocial/Behavioral Interventions
310
Physical Barrier Removal
311
Psychosocial/Behavioral Interventions
311
Vocational Implications for Individuals with MS
314
Vocational Implications for Professionals
315
Conclusion
317
References
317
Coping with Chronic Pain: A Stress- Appraisal Coping Model
325
What Is Chronic Pain? Defining Chronic Pain
326
Theories of Pain
327
Pain “Memories” and Their Contribution to Chronic Pain
327
Biomedical Approaches to Treating Chronic Pain
329
Coping with Chronic Pain Pain and Disability
330
Pain as a Stressor
330
Primary Appraisals
331
Secondary Appraisals
332
Coping
333
Interventions to Promote Coping with Pain From a Curative Approach for Pain to a Pain Self- Management Approach
334
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy to Promote Pain Self- Management
335
What are the Important Components of CBT?
336
Cognitive Components of CBT
336
Cognitive Coping Strategies
337
Enhancing Behavioral Coping Strategies
338
Implications and Future Directions
340
Summary
342
References
342
Coping with Severe Mental Illness: A Multifaceted Approach
348
Overview of Severe Mental Illness Coping within the Context of Severe Mental Illness
348
Definitions of Severe Mental Illness
349
Coping with a Label or Diagnosis
349
A Multifaceted Approach to Coping with Severe Mental Illness
350
Ways of Coping with the Problems and Challenges of SMI
351
Coping with the Problems and Challenges of SMI
355
The Context of Coping with the Problems and Challenges of SMI
356
Social Support Interventions
357
Implications of the Multifaceted Model of Coping with SMI for Research, Assessment, Intervention, and Recovery Researching the Substance and Structure of Coping with SMI
358
Developing and Assessing Coping-Focused Interventions for SMI
359
Coping Interventions and Evidence-Based Practices
360
Coping and Recovery
362
Illustrating the Model Using Schizophrenia as a Prototypical Severe Mental Illness
363
Coping with SMI: Summary and Conclusions
366
References
366
Coping with Spinal Cord Injuries: Wholeness Is a State of Mind
373
Etiology
373
Incidence and Prevalence
374
Medical Regimen Acute Phase
375
Post-Acute Phase
375
Mental Health Issues
376
Coping with a Spinal Cord Injury
377
The Structure of Coping with SCI
377
Descriptive/Longitudinal Studies on SCI
378
Predictive Studies of Coping with SCI
380
Coping Strategies Used by Individuals with SCI Engagement Strategies in Response to SCI
381
Disengagement Strategies in Response to SCI
383
Coping with Secondary Complications
385
Summary on Coping Strategies
387
Physical and Psychosocial/Behavioral Interventions to Promote Coping. Environmental Interventions
387
Psychosocial Interventions
388
Vocational and Social Implications
391
Conclusion
392
References
393
Coping with Traumatic Brain Injury: Existential Challenges and Managing Hope
398
Introduction
398
TBI Prevalence, Etiology, and Demographics
398
TBI Presentation and Course
399
Coping and Traumatic Brain Injury
400
TBI as an Existential Crisis
402
Challenges of Coping with TBI
402
TBI and Psychosocial Outcome: The Scope of the Problem
403
Emotional/Psychological Disruption and TBI
405
Coping Strategies and TBI
407
TBI and Self-Awareness
410
Vocational Reintegration after TBI
411
Promoting Coping after TBI
412
Family and Social Support
413
Discussion and Summary
414
References
416
Appendix of Commonly
419
Used Coping Instruments
419
References
425
Index
426
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